Randolph County was created by an act of the Alabama General Assembly on December 18, 1832, from former Creek Indian territory. It is located in the eastern-central part of the state, in the Piedmont plateau. It encompasses five hundred and eighty five (585) square miles with a total population of twenty-two thousand three hundred and eighty (22,380) according to the 2000 census data.

The county is named for John Randolph, a former Virginia statesman. The county seat was established in Wedowee in 1834-35. Other towns of note include Roanoke, Woodland, and Wadley.

Randolph County, Alabama maintains a quality of life consistent with the gentle pace and charm of the new south. Recreation, education, and opportunity are abundant in quality and quantity. Community living in Randolph County is centered around agricultural roots. The combined poultry, cattle, forestry, and commercial vegetable products account for nearly forty million of income annually.